GRID INTEGRATION WITH SOLAR POWER GENERATION
Abstract:
As solar photovoltaic power generation becomes more
commonplace, the inherent intermittency of the solar resource poses one of the
great challenges to those who would design and implement the next generation
smart grid. Specifically, grid-tie solar power generation is a distributed
resource whose output can change extremely rapidly, resulting in many issues
for the distribution system operator with a large quantity of installed
photovoltaic devices. Battery energy storage systems are increasingly being used
to help integrate solar power into the grid. These systems are capable of
absorbing and delivering both real and reactive power with sub-second response
times. With these capabilities, battery energy storage systems can mitigate
such issues with solar power generation as ramp rate, frequency, and voltage
issues. Beyond these applications focusing on system stability, energy storage
control systems can also be integrated with energy markets to make the solar
resource more economical. Providing a high-level introduction to this
application area, this paper presents an overview of the challenges of
integrating solar power to the electricity distribution system, a technical
overview of attery energy storage systems, and illustrates a variety of modes
of operation for battery energy storage systems in grid-tied solar
applications. The real-time control modes discussed include ramp rate control,
frequency droop response, power factor correction, solar time-shifting, and
output leveling. Index Terms—Battery energy storage systems,
photovoltaic, renewables, smart grid, solar.
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